鱼塘生态体系中大肠埃希菌和沙门菌的耐药性研究

Study on the Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella from Fish Pond Ecosystem

为了解鱼塘生态体系大肠埃希菌和沙门菌的耐药情况,从广东省佛山某鱼塘随机采集草鱼及生活圈的水土样品中(包括鱼肠内容物、鱼塘底泥、鱼塘水)分离出47株大肠埃希菌和23株沙门菌。采用纸片扩散法(Kirby-bauer,KB)对分离菌株进行了15种抗生素的敏感性试验,结果显示100%的菌株均耐1种及1种以上的抗生素多表现出对氨苄西林、萘啶酮酸、青霉素、四环素共同耐药,而对头孢类及呋喃妥因的耐药率较低。总体上大肠埃希菌的多重耐药程度比沙门菌要高,而且耐药谱也比沙门菌广;鱼塘水土中的大肠埃希菌和沙门菌的多重耐药程度比鱼肠中的要高很多,其耐药谱却比较窄。结果表明此鱼塘生态体系中大肠埃希菌和沙门菌的多重耐药现象严重,需合理指导抗生素的使用。

To know the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella from fish pond ecosystem,forty-seven E.coli strains and twenty-three Salmonella strains were isolated from grass carps＇ intestine contents,pond ecosystem such as water and soil from Foshan,Guangdong.Then all isolates were tested for their sensitivities to 15 antibiotics by Kirby-Bauer（KB）method.Results show that all isolates were resistant to one or more antibiotics,which appeared the drug resistance to ampicillin,nalidixic acid,penicillin and tetracycline at the same time,and the antibiotic resistance rates to ceftazidime,cefotaxime and nitrofurantoin were lower than that to others.The resistance profile showed that the degree of multi-drug resistant of E.coli was higher than that of Salmonella,and the antibiotic resistance profile was wider than of Salmonella;the degree of multi-drug resistance that isolated from water and soil was higher than that from the intestinal contents,but the antibiotic resistance profile was narrower than that from the intestinal contents.The results indicated multi-drug resistant E.coli and Salmonella were severe in the fish pond ecosystem.Therefore,the reasonable use of antibiotics is necessary.