奶牛乳房炎细胞免疫研究进展

Progress on Cellular Immunity of Dairy Cow Mastitis

乳房炎是由于机体代谢和生理状态改变、乳房损伤以及感染或环境病原微生物等引起的乳腺炎症反应,是奶牛最常见的疾病之一。由于乳房炎对乳腺组织造成损伤而导致产奶量下降,对奶业造成巨大的经济损失。乳腺组织的上皮细胞、血管内皮细胞、巨噬细胞/单核细胞、中性粒细胞、NK细胞及淋巴细胞等共同构成了乳腺组织的防御屏障,并相互协作清除入侵病原微生物。论文对这些细胞在乳房炎发生、发展过程中的作用进行综述,以期为奶牛乳房炎的细胞免疫机制研究及乳房炎预防、诊断、治疗、控制提供参考。

Cow mastitis is an important disease because of its economic losses to dairy producers.This disease is characterized by a mammary gland inflammatory response caused by metabolic and physiologic changes,trauma or,more frequently,contagious or environmental pathogenic microorganisms.The cellular defense comprises of epithelia,endothelia,macrophages/monocytes,neutrophils,natural killer cells and lymphocytes in mammary gland recognizing and clearing the invading pathogens.This review analyzed the cellular factors involved in the immunologic mechanisms against pathogenic bacteria causing mastitis,which may be useful to the design of effective therapies to control and eradicate cow mastitis.