某高校中老年教师营养相关慢性病调查分析

Investigation on nutrition-related chronic diseases of middle-aged and elderly teachers in a college

目的了解高校中老年教师高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、脂肪肝、超体质量与肥胖、贫血、高尿酸血症等常见营养相关疾病的患病情况,为高校有针对性地开展教师预防保健工作及健康教育提供参考。方法收集某高校209名中老年教师的体检资料,利用EPIINFO软件录入数据并建立数据库,采用SPSS13.0软件包和SAS9.1软件包进行统计分析。结果某校参加体检的中老年教师营养相关疾病的总患病率为83.33%,只有16.67%的中老年教师未患以上7种疾病。患病率前3位依次为:血脂异常(64.59%),超体质量和肥胖(36.36%)和高血压(31.58%)。高血压(P=0.000 9)和糖尿病(P=0.023 1)具有随年龄增长而增加的趋势,男性血脂异常和高血压的患病率与女性差异无统计学意义,而男性脂肪肝(P=0.002)、糖尿病(P=0.010)、高尿酸血症(P=0.002)患病率高于女性。结论高校中老年教师的营养相关疾病患病率较高,这与营养及疾病的健康教育重视不够有关,在高校应加强营养科普教育,以预防控制营养相关慢性病,提高中老年教师的生命质量。

Objective To investigate the health condition and disease patterns of middle-aged and elderly teachers in Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College.Methods 209 middle-aged and elderly teachers were investigated by full physical and laboratory examination.The data were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 174 cases of 209 examined teachers（83.33%） had different nutrition-related chronic diseases.The top three diseases in this investigation were dyslipidemia（64.59%）,overweight and obesity（36.36%） and Hypertension（31.58）.hypertension（P=0.000 9） and diabetes（P=0.023 1）tended to increase with age.The occurrence of fatty liver（P=0.002）,diabetes（P=0.010）and hyperuricacidemia（P=0.002） in males was higher than that in females.Conclusion The health status of middle-aged and elderly teachers in this college is not so good,and dyslipidemia,hypertension and fatty liver are the important factors influencing their health.Consequently,it is of great significance for them to receive nutrition and health education,to prevent nutrition-related chronic diseases and to improve the qualities of life.