浙江温州加拿大一枝黄花入侵群落的季节性变化研究

The Seasonal Dynamics of Plant Communities in Wenzhou Invaded by Solidago Canadensis

通过设置固定样地,研究了加拿大一枝黄花在浙江温州入侵地的群落物种组成、群落结构的季节性变化。结果表明:①各群落的物种数存在较大的季节变化,1月和10月物种数较少,而4月和7月较多;②各群落的种类组成也存在较大的季节波动,大多数物种只在群落中短暂存在,株数最多的前3个物种在空间垂直结构上呈现出一定的生态位分化;③各群落优势种在不同季节有所变化,在南堡两个样地加拿大一枝黄花在各个季节均为优势种或次优种(10月因人为干扰而例外),说明已经处于成功入侵阶段;在杨府山的三个样地,加拿大一枝黄花的重要值有随季节变化而上升的趋势,表明处于入侵初期的定居阶段。

The fixed plot was set up in this field investigation to describe the seasonal dynamics of species composition and species diversity of the communities in Wenzhou City invaded by Solidago canadensis. The results showed that the species number in January and October were less than those in April and in July. The species of communities changed with seasonal variations. Most of the species existed transitorily in the community, with the top three species showing the vertical structure of certain niche difference. The dominant species also changed with seasonal variations. In two plots of Nanbao, Solidago canadensis was the dominant species or subdominant species （except October, due to human interference）, showing that it had been in the stage of successful invasion. In three plots of Yangfushan, the important values of Solidago canadensis rised with seasonal variations, showing that it had been in the early settled stage of invasion beginning period.