区域地磁测量实验及水下载体对周围磁场的影响分析

Geomagnetic map reconstruction based on Kriging and underwater vehicle of impact for surrounding magnetic field

水下载体和磁力仪的匹配是水下地磁导航的关键技术之一。为了完成匹配实验,首先要选择地磁场平缓的局部区域,基于这一目的进行了局域地磁场的测量,并通过克里金插值法构建地磁图,给出基于克里金插值的局部二维和三维地磁图。从地磁图上可以找到磁异常区域和地磁平缓区域,并在地磁平缓区域进行有无水下载体的地磁空间测量。由于载体主要由铁磁物质组成,安装在载体上的传感器所测量的磁场除了地磁场以外,还有载体硬磁材料产生的固有磁场以及载体内机电设备产生的磁场。因此,如何从复杂的磁场环境中提取地磁场信息是实时测量的一大难题。基于载体的空间磁测,利用传感器测量值构建载体磁场的数学模型,分析了水下载体对周围磁场的影响,为水下载体与磁力仪的匹配和水下磁测提供了理论和实验依据。

The match of underwater vehicle with magnetometer is a key technique for underwater magnetic navigation.To complete the matching experiment,a magnetic field flat region must be selected.For this,local magnetic field measurements are conducted,and a two-dimensional and three-dimensional magnetic map is given by Kriging method.The abnormal or flat areas can be found from the magnetic map.The geomagnetic space measurement is conducted in the flat areas when with and without underwater vehicle respectively.Since the vehicle is mainly made of ferromagnetic material composition,the sensor must not only measure the geomagnetic field,but also measure the intrinsic magnetic field produced by the vehicle＇s hard magnetic material and the magnetic field from electromechanical equipment in the vehicle.How to extract the geomagnetic field information is a difficult problem for real-time measuring.Based on space measuring of the vehicle,the mathematical model is established through measuring numerical value,and the influence around magnetic field from underwater carrier is analyzed.This will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the match of underwater vehicle with the magnetometer and underwater magnetic measurements.