心理疲劳发生的认知神经机制

Cognitive and Neural Mechanism of Mental Fatigue

心理疲劳是人们长时间从事脑力活动而形成的一种包括认知、情绪和行为改变的复杂心理现象.心理疲劳的发生有个体差异,它与奖赏得失的衡量、错误监控受损和信息加工扰乱等因素有关.回顾近十年相关研究,发现心理疲劳发生的神经生理机制主要涉及多巴胺、感觉运动门控、自主神经(迷走神经和副交感神经)、大脑的扣带回和基底神经节等神经系统,认为目前对心理疲劳的研究方法和手段有待改进,心理疲劳的各种理论观点有待整合,对心理疲劳发生的认知机制和神经机制需作进一步深入研究.

Mental fatigue is a complex psychological phenomenon involving changes in cognition,emotion and behavior resulting from people engaging in long-time mental activity.There are individual differences in the occurrence of mental fatigue.Its occurrence is relevant to the reward measure of gains and losses,impaired error monitoring,information processing disruption,and so on.Based on reviewing the research over the past decade,the authors found the neural mechanisms of mental fatigue mainly involved dopamine,sensorimotor gating,autonomic nervous system（vagus nerve and parasympathetic）,the brain＇s cingulate gyrus and basal ganglia and other neural basis.The research methods and means of mental fatigue need to be improved;various theoretical perspectives of mental fatigue need to be integrated.Moreover,researches on the cognitive and neural mechanisms of mental fatigue are immature,and need to be deepened and improved.