中华沙鳅消化道组织学结构研究

The Primary Studies on the Structure of Digestive Duct in Botia superciliaris

应用组织学、组织化学和扫描电镜技术对中华沙鳅消化道的显微结构及亚显微结构做了较详细的观察,结果表明:顶壁和底壁黏膜层均由复层扁平上皮组成.食道前段黏膜上皮为鳞状复层上皮,在上皮细胞之间分布着少量的味蕾和棒状细胞.食道后段黏膜由单层柱状上皮组成,细胞表面微绒毛发达,管腔面PAS反应呈阳性.食道腺丰富,食道肌肉比较发达,为内纵外环.胃呈"V"形,可分为贲门部、胃体和幽门部.黏膜为典型的单层柱状上皮,细胞表面极度粗糙,微绒毛非常发达.上皮细胞管腔面PAS反应呈强阳性.胃腺发达.肌肉层很发达,贲门部肌肉为内纵外环,胃体和幽门部为内环外纵,其间有大量斜肌.肠黏膜皱褶发达,黏膜表面平滑.在上皮细胞之间分散有大量的杯状细胞,杯状黏液细胞自前向后数量逐渐增多.黏膜上皮肠腔面PAS反应呈阴性,大部分杯状黏液细胞PAS反应呈阳性.肌肉层为内环外纵.肛门为复层扁平上皮.

Histology,histochemistry and SCM methods were used to investigate the structure of digestive tract in Botia superciliaris.The results are as follows： the mucosa of top and bottom walls in oropharyngeal cavity are composed of stratified flat epitheliums with rich baculiform cells.The mucosa change a lot in thickness.The mucosa in former parts of esophagus is composed of stratified squamous epitheliums with few baculiform cells and some taste buds.While in the latter parts,they are composed of simple columnar epithelium with developed short microvilli,and the parts facing tract of epithelium are positive in PAS.The inside muscular layer is longitudinal and the outer is circular.The ＂V＂-shaped stomach can be divided into three parts： cardia,body of stomach and pylorus.Their mucosae are composed of simple columnar epithelium that are positive in the PAS staining.The gastric glands among them are very abundant.The muscles in every parts of stomach are thick.The inside muscular layer in cardia is longitudinal and the outer is circular.In opposition,the outer muscular layer in stomach body and pylorus is longitudinal and the inner one is circular.Among them,there are plenty of tilted muscles.There are many developed folds in intestine,with developed irregular secondary folds on them.The mucosa of intestine are composed of smooth simple columnar epithelium and numerous goblet cells.The number of goblet cells increases gradually from the front to the end.The epithelium cells are negative in PAS while the globlet cells among them are positive.The outer muscular layer is longitudinal and the inner is circular.The mucosa in anus are composed of stratified flat epithelium.