团体人际心理干预与团体认知行为干预对社交焦虑的疗效

Effects of group interpersonal psychotherapy and group cognitive behavioral therapy on social anxiety in college students

目的:比较团体人际心理干预和团体认知行为干预对大学生社交焦虑的疗效。方法:方便选取1314名大学生,采用交往焦虑量表(Interaction Anxiousness Scale,IAS)进行测试,筛取IAS总分≥49分(高焦虑者)275人。参照美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disor-ders,DSM-IV)关于社交焦虑障碍诊断标准的症状学描述,根据自愿的原则,选取社交焦虑程度较重的大学生45名,随机分为3组,每组15人:IPT组,采用团体人际心理干预,每周1次,共8周;CBT组,实施认知行为干预,每周1次,共8周;对照组,实验过程中不予干预。各组在干预前测定社交回避及苦恼量表(Social Avoid-ance and Distress Scale,SADS),干预后再进行IAS和SADS的测定,比较IPT组、CBT组干预前后的疗效及其差别。结果:干预前3组间IAS总分、SADS总分、回避因子分、苦恼因子分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后IPT组与CBT组的社交焦虑水平均低于对照组,而IPT组与CBT组间各项指标差异无统计学意义。IPT组干预后各项指标得分均低于干预前;CBT组干预后SADS总分、回避因子分、苦恼因子分低于干预前;对照组各项指标前后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:团体人际心理干预与团体认知行为干预均能有效缓解社交焦虑水平,人际心理干预可作为治疗社交焦虑的一个重要手段。

Objective： To compare the effects of group interpersonal psychotherapy （IPT） and cognitive be- havioral therapy （CBT） on social anxiety in college students. Methods： Totally 1314 students were selected by convenience sampling. They were assessed with the Interaction Anxiousness Scale （[AS） and 275 students whose scores t〉49 were chosen. Then 45 students with more serious symptoms were chosen according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders （DSM-IV） diagnostic criteria on social anxiety disorder. They were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely IPT group, CBT group and control group. IPT group and CBT group were intervened for 8 weeks. The effects were assessed with Interaction Anxiousness Scale （[AS）, Social Avoidance and Distress Scale （SADS）. Results： Before intervention, there was no significant difference between these groups （Ps 〉 0. 05）. After intervention, social anxiety levels of IPT group and CBT group were lower than control group. There was no significant difference between these two groups. The scores of [AS, SADS, avoidance and distress significantly decreased in IPT group [For example, IAS （57. 5±5.8） vs. （46. 6 ±7.0）, P 〈 0. 05]. And CBT group had lower scores of SADS, avoidance and distress[ For example, SADS （20.4 ±4.9） vs. （ 14.4±6.2）, P 〈 0. 05 ]. There was no significant difference in SADS score and so on between baseline and after 8 weeks in control group. Conclusion： Both interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy are effective on social anxiety. Interpersonal psychotherapy may be another important way to treat social anxiety.