育龄女性在月经周期三个时相中的情绪Stroop效应

Emotional Stroop effect of fertile women in three phases of the menstrual cycle

目的:探索正常育龄女性在月经周期不同时相的情绪注意偏向。方法:方便选取某高校育龄女性80名,运用情绪Stroop任务,采用被试内2因素重复测量设计,比较卵泡初期、排卵期和黄体中期对不同情绪效价双字词颜色辨别的正确率和反应时。结果:对情绪词颜色辨别正确率的时相主效应显著,女性在排卵期低于黄体中期(P<0.05)。词语类型和月经时相在情绪词颜色辨别的正确率和反应时上均存在交互作用。对负性词颜色判断的正确率,女性在排卵期低于卵泡初期和黄体中期(均P<0.05);负性词颜色判断的反应时,女性在黄体中期高于卵泡初期和排卵期,差异虽无统计学意义但达边缘显著水平(均P<0.08)。中性词和正性词在3个时相中的成绩差异无统计学意义。结论:女性在黄体中期较其他时相表现出更为明显的情绪Stroop效应,在月经周期的3个时相中对负性情绪注意偏向变化较为明显。

Objective： To explore the attentional bias of emotion in the three phases of the menstrual cycle. Methods： Eighty females participated in an emotional Stroop Task. With a 2-factor within-subjects repeated measures design, the correct rate and the reaction time were compared among the early follicular, ovulation and mid- luteal phase. Results： Females exhibited a significant main effect of the menstrual phases, the correct rate in the period of mid-luteal was significantly higher than that in the period Of early follicular [（97.8±0. 3）% vs. （96. 8 ±0. 5） %, P 〈0. 05]. There was a significant interaction between word types and menstrual phases on the correct rate and the reaction time. The correct rate of negative color words in the period of ovulation was lower than that in the periods of early follicular [ （96. 6± 3.5） % vs. （98.0± 2. 1） % ] and mid-luteal （96. 6 ± 3.4% ） vs. （97.8±2. 2, Ps 〈 0.05）. The RT of negative color words in the period of mid-luteal was more than that in the periods of early follicular [（771 ± 139）ms vs. （737±120） ms] and ovulation [（771± 139） ms vs. （740± 112） ms] on a marginal significance level （P 〈0. 08）. Conclusion： Females show a stronger Stroop effect in the mid-luteal than that in the other phases, and the attentional bias of negative emotion may change more than that of neutral and positive emotion.