利用煤炭固体废物制备微晶玻璃

Comprehensive Experiment Based on the Preparation of Glass Ceramics from Coal Wastes

采用50%以上的煤矸石与粉煤灰废弃物为主要原料,并添加少量的CaO、A l2O3、SiO2、MgO、K2O、Na2O等矿物原料,以CaF2/TiO2为晶核剂,经过1 400~1 500℃熔制、水淬和晶化热处理等过程制备出CaO-A l2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃。首先对微晶玻璃的CaO、A l2O3、SiO2等成分进行优化设计,用TDA研究核化温度、核化时间、晶化温度、晶化时间及升温速率等热处理工艺参数的影响,采用SEM和XRD分析微晶玻璃的形貌与晶相结构,并检测其密度、吸水率、抗折强度、显微硬度、耐腐蚀性等物理力学性能。所制备的40%SiO2-15%A l2O3-30%CaO（质量百分数）微晶玻璃以黄长石为主晶相,晶粒度约4μm,具有优异的物理力学性能,在建筑材料领域有良好的应用前景。

Glass ceramics was prepared from coal gangue and coal fly ash for comprehensive utilization of coal industry wastes.Up to 50% coal wastes and CaO,Al_2O_3,SiO_2,MgO,K_2O,Na_2O were used as raw materials,and CaF_2/TiO_2 were used as nucleating agent.CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 glass ceramics were prepared following 1 400-1 500 ℃melting,water quenching and crystallization.The chemical compositions such as CaO,Al_2O_3,SiO_2 were designed,the effects of heat treatment schedule were investigated by DTA;the microstructure and morphology were analyzed by SEM and XRD;the density,adsorption rate,bending strength,microhardness,corrosion resistance of the glass ceramics were measured.The prepared 40%SiO_2-15%Al_2O_3-30%CaO glass ceramics had a major crystal phase of gehlenite with a size of 4 μm.The glass ceramics has large prospect in construction industry due to the excellent properties.