中国前胡属酯酶同工酶与种类演化和地理分布格局

Evolution of species and pattern of geographic distribution of \%Peucedanum \%L. in China on the basis of esterase isozyme

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法分析比较我国前胡属(PeucedanumL.)18种4变种的叶片酯酶同工酶酶谱,并结合形态特征和地理分布,从基因位点分布规律出发,探讨该属种间亲缘关系和地理分布格局。前胡属种类的酯酶同工酶酶谱能较好地反映种间的亲缘关系,基因位点随所分析种类的地理分布而呈现出明显的地带性变化。讨论了滨海前胡(P.japonicumThunb.)、马山前胡(P.mashanenseShanetSheh)和广西前胡(P.guangxienseShanetSheh)、石防风〔P.terebinthaceum(Fisch.)Fisch.exTurcz.〕和宽叶石防风〔P.terebinthaceumvar.deltoideam(MakinoexYabe)Makino〕、红前胡(P.rubricauleShanetSheh)和刺尖前胡(P.elegansKomarov),以及华中前胡(P.medicumDunn)和华北前胡(P.harrysmithiiFeddeexWolff)等种类的酯酶同工酶酶谱类型与系统演化的关系。根据前胡属植物区系,将我国前胡属分成7个酯酶同工酶地理表型。

The band patterns of esterase isozyme were analysed by PAGE electrophoresis for leaves of plants including 18 species and 4 varieties of \%Peucedanum \%L. in China. The pattern shows out six gene loci and three genotypes. From the distribution regulations of gene loci, the interspecific relationships and the patterns of geographic distribution were studied with the gross morphology, the geographic distribution and the ordination method. It is a result that esterase isozyme bands of \%Peucedanum \%are identical with the gross morphological characters. The esterase isozyme can express fully the interspecific relationship of \%Peucedanum\%. The characteristic patterns of esterase and ecological environment in \%P. japonicum, P. mashanense and P. guangxiense, P. terebinthaceum (\%including var. \%deltoideum\%), \%P. rubricaule \%and \%P. elegans, \%and \%P. medicum \%and \%P. harry\|smithii \%were researched. It is suggested that \%P. japonicum \%is a single section. The interspecific distribution regulations of esterase gene loci (E4\|6) which probably exist in species of \%Peucedanum \%in China were discussed. This genus can be divided into two secondary differentiative types: \%P. medicum \%type and \%P. harry\|smithii \%type, which evolve respectively the close relative species. The gene locus distribution of esterase isozyme in \%Peucedanum \%is in parallel with the geographical distribution characters of species being analysed, and the evident belt properties was found. On the basis of summing up the data of morphology and geography, seven band patterns of esterase and gographical zones were established for \%Peucedanum \%in China.