植物园与城市生物多样性保护和利用

Botanical garden and biodiversity protection and utilization in cities

以往生物多样性保护的实施,主要着眼于野外。实际上,威胁生物多样性的因素,主要是人类的经济生产活动,其典型标志是城市化过程。然而城市化的进程是无法阻止的,因此,应提倡从改善城市化过程以及正确导向城市化来保护生物多样性。本文主要讨论城市生物多样性保护的必要性、可能性及有利条件。同时指出,绝大多数植物园都在大、中城市中,应该担负历史赋予的这个责任,在城市生物多样性保护和利用中发挥作用。

In the past most of the implements of conservation of biodiversity are focused in the wild. In fact, the major factors which threat biodiversity are the activities of mankind′s economic production. Urbanization process is the typic fact of threats. But urbanization is by no means stopped. Hence, it is equally important to improve and to guide the process of urbanization in order to save biodiversity. In this paper the necessity, possibility and adventages of protection in cities are discussed on the base of the development and process of Chinese cities. In the meantime, the authors mentioned that botanical gardens which are mostly located in cities should be responsible for this task. The measurement and basic practice of protection and utilization of biodiversity for botanical gardens and cities are discussed.