特大胎儿222例高危因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of 222 exceptionally large baby

目的探讨特大胎儿发生的高危因素。方法回顾性分析222例(A组)分娩特大胎儿孕妇及200例(B组)分娩正常体重胎儿孕妇的年龄、孕周、孕产次及妊娠合并症。结果我院2003～2009年特大胎儿的发生率基本呈上升趋势。研究组(A组),产妇年龄18～45岁,平均30.15岁;对照组(B组),产妇年龄20～41岁,平均31.4岁,两组平均年龄相比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组年龄>35岁患者明显高于B组(P<0.01)。A组经产妇117例(52.7%),B组经产妇55例(27.5%),两组相比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组孕40周后特大胎儿的发生比率升高,与B组相比有统计学意义(P<0.01)。A组中糖尿病合并妊娠、妊娠期糖尿病患者以及血糖控制不良者与B组无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论特大胎儿的发生与孕妇年龄、孕周、孕产次均有关系,与糖尿病的关系还需大样本的筛查研究来进一步探讨,掌握好特大胎儿的高危因素,对产前准确判断特大胎儿具有重要作用。

Objective To explore the risk factors of exceptionally large baby.Methods Retrospective analysis of 222 cases of exceptionally large baby pregnant women and 200 cases of normal birth weight pregnant women in age,fetal gestational age,times of parturition and pregnancy complications.Results From 2003 to 2009,the exceptionally large baby incidence was increasing.The average age in the study group was 30.15,and 31.4 in the control group,with no statistical significance（P0.05） between the two groups.The age of more than 35 year old patients was significantly higher than that of the control group（P0.01）.The multipara were 117（52.7%） in the study group and 55（27.5%） in the control group,with statistical significance（P0.05） between the two groups.40 weeks later,the pregnantrate of exceptionally large baby in the study group was statistically significant（P0.01） compared to the control group.The diabetes patients,GDM and the poor blood glucose control was no statistical significance（P0.05） between the two groups.Conclusion Exceptionally large baby incidence was related with age,fetal gestational age,times of parturition.The relationlish with the diabetes will get through.Mastering exceptionally large baby risk factors plays an important role in prenatal accurate judgement of exceptionally large baby.