1959-2008年乌鲁木齐地区雷暴日特征分析

Characteristics of Thunderstorm Days in Urumqi during 1959-2008

利用乌鲁木齐地区5个气象站1959—2008年雷暴观测资料,分析了雷暴初终日、月平均、年平均、年频率特征并划分雷电防护分区。结果表明:乌鲁木齐地区年平均雷暴日为5.7～35.0 d,雷暴集中在5—8月,4月上旬开始出现雷暴,10月上旬雷暴结束,10月中旬至次年4月中旬未出现过雷暴。雷暴日数在5—6月逐渐增多,7月达到峰顶,8月和9月逐渐减少。小渠子雷暴出现最早,大西沟雷暴结束最晚。乌鲁木齐市区和达坂城区为少雷区,小渠子、大西沟、牧试站为多雷区。

This paper analyzed the first,the last,monthly mean,annual mean thunderstorm day as well as yearly frequency,and classified the lightning defensive subareas in Urumqi region.It was established that the annual mean thunderstorm days is between 5.7~35.0 d.Thunderstorm centralized in May-August,began in the early 10 days of April,and ended in early October.However,it never happened from middle October to the next middle April.Monthly mean thunderstorm days increased in May and June gradually,and reached its peak in July and gradually reduced in August and September.The thunderstorm in Xiaoquzi happened earliest,and that in Daxigou happened latest.Urumqi urban area and Dabancheng were less thunderstorm subareas,and Xiaoquzi,Daxigou and Mushizhan were more thunderstorm subareas.