某煤矿工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患现状及危险因素分析

Analysis on the risk factors and the prevalence of chronic work-related musculoskeletal diseases (WMSDs) among coal miners

目的了解煤矿工人工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(work-related musculoskeletal diseases,WMSDs)的患病情况并探索其危险因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对某煤矿职工进行问卷调查,主要采用χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析的方法对数据进行统计学分析。结果煤矿工人WMSDs年患病率为78.46%。单因素χ2检验显示有19个变量具有统计学意义。经多因素Logistic回归分析,有7个变量进入方程,分别为:总工龄,工作单调,重复性操作,休息不足,长时间站立,长时间蹲位和空间受限。结论煤矿工人WMSDs年患病率较高,影响因素较多,应从多方面入手预防和控制此种职业健康问题。

Objective To learn about the prevalence rates and the risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal diseases among coal miners.Methods Using the modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaires,a survey among 1 900 coal miners in a coal spot was conducted and 1 537 effective questionnaires were obtained.Univariate chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relevant risk factors.Results Among coal miners,the one-year prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders was 78.46%.Through single factor chi-square test,19 risk factors were found with statistical significance.And by multivariable Logistic regression analysis,there were seven risk factors entered into the equation,including the total work year,same work everyday,repetitive operation,inadequate rest,long time standing,long time squatting and constraint working space.Conclusions Chronic musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners is of high prevalence,and the risk factors are of different aspects and complicated.So prevention measures and strategies should be taken among the coal miners.