非意愿妊娠原因及对策的研究

Study on reasons of unwanted pregnancies.

为分析和探讨导致非意愿妊娠的原因,降低人工流产率,促进广大育龄妇女生殖健康提供科学依据,采用以医院为场所的描述性流行病学研究方法,1996年3月～1996年5月,在郑州市8家医院妇产科门诊,对来寻求计划生育服务的妇女采用填写调查表的方式进行调查。共调查1557例,其中行人工流产(包括手术流产和药物流产)者1099例,平均每例1.22次。流产者中38.8％是由于未采取避孕措施而致意外妊娠,61.2％为避孕失败造成的。55.6％能清楚记得避孕失败时间。通过对人流者既往避孕史的研究,发现有避孕失败史者占51.6％,其中避孕套失败最多,占37.0％;其次是安全期失败,占23.0％;宫内节育器失败居第三位,占21.0％。避孕失败妇女的年龄主要分布于性生活旺盛年龄组(21～29岁),占70.3％。结果表明导致非意愿妊娠的根本原因是避孕观念淡薄,避孕知识(包括紧急避孕知识)匮乏。建议对不同人群进行侧重点不同的有关避孕知识教育,并加强避孕药具的质量管理。

ceptive use and contraceptive failure and to analyse the reasons of unwanted pregnancies among abortion seek-ers. Method; To apply the method of descriptive epi-demiological study and to survey abortion women by using questionnaire at 8 large hospitals in Zhengzhou city. Henan Province. Results; Total 1099 abortion seekers were surveyed 38.8% current abortions resulted from not using contraceptives 61.2% resulted from contraceptive failure 55.6% could clearly recognized the time of the failure. We surveyed the history of contraceptive failure 51.6% respondents had had the contraceptive failure. Among the failure, the rate of condom failure is highest (37.0%), next, rhythm failure accounted for 23.0% and IUD failure was the third (21. 0%). The age group of women with contraceptive failure wer sexually active age (i.e.21 - 29 year) take up 70.3% . Conclusion; The results of the study indicated that there were higher condom failure history It is necessary to conduct the contraceptive education at both the pre -abortion and post ?abortion among abortion seekers.To investigate the situation of contra