孟子的理想人格:大丈夫

Menciu's Ideal Personality:A True Man

孟子提出的理想人格的标准范型——"大丈夫"理想人格理论,具有"富贵不能淫,贫贱不能移,威武不能屈"、"浩然之气"、"舍生取义"等丰富内涵,具有自信自尊、刚正不阿、舍生取义、杀生成仁,至大至刚、充塞天地等精神特征。"大丈夫"理想人格的养成则要遵循存心寡欲、持志养气、意志磨砺、反求诸己的"居仁由义"之道。

The ideal theory of personality,＂a true man＂ raised by Mencius as the criterion,is full of such meanings as ＂neither riches nor honors can corrupt him;neither poverty nor humbleness can make him swerve from principle;and neither threats nor forces can subdue him＂,＂spirit of fearlessness＂ and ＂lay down one＇s life for a just cause＂.It also takes the spiritual features,for example,self-confidence and self-respect,uprightness,freeing people from oppression,the greatest and most unbending and indomitable spirit,etc;To cultivate an ideal personality of ＂a true man＂ needs to obey such approaches as ＂fewer wants＂,＂insisting on willing of keeping air（Yangqi）＂,＂strengthening the mind＂,＂walking in the path of virtue＂ and ＂looking deeper into oneself＂.