抗菌药物应用现状调查及管理对策的探讨

Survey on the antibiotics usage in hospital and improbing its management

目的 了解我院抗菌药物的使用现状和存在问题,为抗菌药物的合理应用和宏观管理提供科学的依据。方法 采用分层系统抽样,对我院1995 年11 月～1996 年10 月期间的住院患者抗菌药物的应用现状及其合理性进行回顾性调查,全部调查资料录入计算机进行统计分析。结果 共调查1932 份病历,抗菌药物总的使用率为76.7% ,以单种应用为主,占61.2% ,主要为静脉给药,其中头孢菌素类占第一位,其次为青霉素类和喹诺酮类,三者共占64.5% ;多数使用国产基础抗菌药物,但进口抗菌药物所占金额比重较大;抗菌药物费占整个药费的26.3% ;且大部分医师能做到合理应用。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the usage of antibiotics for improving the management and proper clinical utilization were studied. METHODS Retrospective study for patients received antibiotics were carried out during Nov. 1995～Oct. 1996. The data were treated by computer. RESULTS 1932 patients were surveyed and the rate of antibiotic usage were 76.7%. 61.2% of patients used one kind of antibiotics. Most of the patients applied antibiotics by introvenous route. Cephalosporins were the first, penicilins next and then quinolones in the antibiotics usage. These three kinds of antibiotics accounted for 64.5% of all antibiotics usage. The majority of them were produced by national industrial and basic antibiotics. But the imported antibiotics were mainly the antibiotics in high expenditure. And the cost of antibiotics was 26.3% in total drug expenses of the hospital. Most of the doctors can use antibiotics properly. CONCLUSION The results show that it is very important to strengthen the antibiotics usage in hospitals.