华北抗日根据地减租减息运动中“斗争”模式分析

An Analysis of the Pattern of "Struggle" during the Movement of Reduction of Rent and Interest in the Anti-Japanese Bases of North China

在华北抗日根据地的减租减息运动中,"斗争"不仅限于一种行为和手段,同时形成一种政治运作模式。运作过程中,在斗争对象的树立上,注重培养农民的阶级意识;在斗争方式的运用上,注意根据运动发展阶段及斗争对象的差异,用通俗易懂的语言和口号、培养积极分子、发挥农会等群众团体的作用、营造农民在人数和气势上的优势等方式来组织和引导农民;在斗争分寸的把握上,既要调动农民斗争积极性,又把斗争控制在一定范围内;在斗争果实的获取上,强调进一步强化农民的斗争意识,推动运动向深入发展。通过"斗争"模式的具体运作,中共唤醒了农民的阶级意识,发动广大农民投身抗日洪流,并将农民和乡村社会纳入现代国家政权建设之中。

During the movement of reduction of rent and interest in the anti-Japanese bases of North China the word ＂struggle＂ not only meant an act or a means but also evolved into a pattern of political operation. In the process of operation, efforts were made to cultivate the class consciousness of the peasants when the objects of struggle were chosen; when deciding on the forms of the struggle, the CPC tried, in accordance with the development of the movement and different objects of struggle, to organize and guide the peasants by employing simple language and slogans, training activists, giving full play to the role of peasant associations and other mass organizations and creating the dominance of peasants in number and momentum ; in respect of the intensity of the struggle, attention was paid to keep the struggle within an appropriate limit while the enthusiasm of the peasants was rallied, and with regard to the acquisition of the fruits of the struggle, stress was laid on further enhancing the peasants＇ sense of struggle to make the movement develop in depth. With all these concrete measures the CPC awakened the peasants＇ class consciousness, mobilized them to join the War of Resistance against Japanese aggression and brought the peasants and rural society into the orbit of modern state power building.