甲烷催化裂解技术研究进展

Progress on Methane Catalytic Decomposition Technology

甲烷催化裂解技术因在适当的吸热过程中裂解只生成碳和氢气而在制备高纯氢气和性能优异的碳纳米管以及ITER(国际热核聚变实验堆)废气处理系统中裂解氚、氘代甲烷以回收其中的氚和氘等方面具有十分重要的意义。介绍了甲烷催化裂解反应机理,阐述了甲烷裂解催化剂的制备方法、催化剂性能的影响因素以及催化剂的失活与再生,指出焙烧温度、活性金属、载体和反应温度对催化剂性能有重要影响,讨论了甲烷催化裂解反应中存在的问题。

Methane catalytic decomposition technology has drogen, excellent nano-carbon tube and recovering deuterium and great potential in the preparation of high purity hy- tritium from the exhaust processing system in ITER for it can crack methane in an appropriate endothermic condition with only hydrogen and carbon as the products. The mechanism of methane catalytic decomposition has been simply introduced. The preparation methods of the catalysts, the factors such as calcination temperature, active metal, supports and reaction temperature which affect the performance of the catalysts significantly as well as the deactivation and regeneration of the catalysts are elaborated. The existing problems of methane catalytic decomposition are discussed.