文化的评价及其尺度

On the Evaluation of Culture and Its Scale

文化不论就其外部表现形态还是就其实质上看,都具有复杂多元的性质。在不同形态、不同性质的文化之间,是有着优与劣、先进与落后之分的。衡量文化的优与劣、先进与落后的标准和尺度在于它的科学性、合理性。一种文化是否"先进",首先要看它是否有利于先进的生产方式与交换方式的生成,是否能促进先进的生产方式与交换方式的发展;其次要看它所蕴涵的价值诉求是否有利于人类种族的保存与促进种族的进化,是否有利于人类整体文明的提升,是否能促进人类整体的自由度的增强。在全球化背景下的文化交流与文化融合的过程中,对于各个不同的国家与民族来说,保持一种健康的民族文化的自信心与自觉性是非常重要的。只有对各种不同文化的性质、特点的认识达到一种理性自觉的状态,才能在文化交流、对话、碰撞、竞争的过程中做到既不自傲也不自卑、既不骄横也不盲从、扬优去劣、取长补短,达到文化整合与融合,实现相互促进与共同进步。

＂Culture＂ has a complex multivariate nature regardless of its external manifestations or to its essence. In different forms, different types of cultures, there is differ with superiority and inferiority, advanced and backward. The standard and scale to measure the culture＇ s superiority and inferiority, advanced and backward lie in its scientific alness and rationality, whether One culture be ＂advanced＂ or not, we must firstly think that it is whether advantageous to the advanced production method and the switching scheme production, whether can promote the advanced production method and the switching scheme development; secondly, we must examine whether the contained value demands be advantageous to the human race preservation and the promotion race evolution, be advantageous to the human overall civilization promotion, and can promote the human whole degree-of-freedom enhancement. In the cultural exchange and cultural fusion＇s process under the globalized background, regarding each different country and nationality, to maintain one＇s healthy self-confidence and self-consciousness of national culture is very important.