ZnO纳米棒的制备与气敏性能的研究

Preparation and Gas Sensing Properties of ZnO Nanorods

以Zn（NO3）2·6H2O和NaOH为原料，CTAB为表面活性剂，通过微波辅助液相反应过程在低温下成功地制备了ZnO纳米棒。X射线衍射谱和扫描电镜结果表明，产物是六方纤锌矿结构ZnO纳米棒，长度为5～30μm，直径为0．1-1μm。气敏性能测试表明，所制备的ZnO纳米棒对H2S气体具有较好的选择性，但灵敏度不高。对ZnO纳米棒进行In掺杂后，对H2S气体的灵敏度和选择性大幅提高，在工作温度为332℃时，对体积分数为50×10^-6的H2S灵敏度为29．217，说明In掺杂的ZnO纳米棒是有潜力的探测H2S气体的气敏传感器材料。

At a low temperature, ZnO nanorods were prepared by a microwave-assisted solution reaction process using zinc nitrate and sodium hydroxide as the raw materials and CTAB as the surfactant. The results of the X-ray diffraction（XRD）and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） show that the products are hexagonal zincite-structure ZnO nanorods, with the length about 5-30μm and diameter about 0. 1-1μm. The experiments on gas sensitive properties indicate that the as-prepared ZnO nanorods have a better selectivity to H2 S than that to the other several gases, but the sensitivity of ZnO samples to these gases is low. The gas sensitive properties to H2 S are improved by doping In. The sensitivity of the In-doped ZnO nanorods to 50 × 10^-6 （volume percentage） H2S is up to 29. 217 at 332℃. These results indicate that the In-doped ZnO nanorod is a potentially promising material for detecting H2 S.