垂直专业化分工与劳动力市场就业结构——基于中国工业行业面板数据的分析

Vertical Specialization and the Employment Structure——The Analysis Based on China's Industrial Panel Data

在经济全球化的背景下,中国广泛参与到了垂直专业化分工过程当中,对劳动力市场就业结构产生了重要影响。本文分析了垂直专业化分工对中国劳动力市场就业结构的影响机理,在改进垂直专业化分工测算方法的基础上,就垂直专业化分工对中国劳动力市场就业结构产生的影响进行了实证分析。研究结果显示,中国工业部门参与垂直专业化分工总体上降低了对熟练劳动力的相对需求,非熟练劳动力的相对需求增加;中低技术行业的回归分析显示这一影响更为显著;而高技术行业的回归分析显示垂直专业化分工增加了熟练劳动力的相对需求,但回归系数弹性要小于总体行业回归和中低技术行业回归的弹性。

In the context of economic globalization, China is widely involved in the process of vertical specialization, which had a significant impact on the employment structure of the labor market. This paper analyzes the influential mechanism of China＇s vertical specialization on employment structure, and empirical analysis the impact of vertical specialization on China＇s labour market structure based on the improved measure method of vertical specialization. The study showed that China industrial sector＇s vertical specialization reduces the relative demand for skilled labor in general, the relative demand for unskilled labor increase; medium and low technology industries regression analysis showed that this effect is more significant, but regression analysis showed that hightech industry, vertical specialization increases the relative demand for skilled labor, but the regression coefficient is less than the overall industries and the medium and low technology industries.