多普勒超声在糖尿病患者下肢血管病变检查中的应用价值

The Application of Ultrasound Examination in Lower Extremity Vascular Lesion for Diabetics

目的下肢血管病变是糖尿病致残的主要原因。探讨糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变的危险因素,了解糖尿病外周血管病变的形态学特征,寻找早期诊断方法。方法 172例确诊为糖尿病患者和60例无糖尿病患者,应用多普勒超声检查对其下肢血管形态、血管壁内膜厚度、斑块、管腔狭窄或闭塞及血流动力学改变进行比较。结果 下肢动脉血管的硬化斑块、狭窄、闭塞的发生率,糖尿病患者明显高于对照组;硬化斑块的发生率以股动脉最常见,而管腔狭窄、闭塞率以累及腘动脉以下的远端动脉血管胫前动脉受累最为明显。结论 彩色多普勒超声对糖尿病患者下肢血管病变的早期诊断、预防、治疗有重要的临床指导意义。

Objective Lower extremity blood vascular lesion is the main reason of mutilation caused by diabetes.We discuss the risk factors of lower extremity arteries of diabetes and try to find the morphologic characteristics of diabetic peripheral blood vascular lesions,thus to find the early diagnosis method.Methods Totally 172 cases of diabetic patients who were hospitalized in our hospital were given lower extremity ultrasonic examination,while 60 cases of meantime in patients were as control.IMT（internal membrane thickening）,incidence of plaque,stenosis occlusion and hemodynamic index were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of lower extremity atherosclerotic plaque,arterial stenosis and obliteration of diabetes is apparently higher than that of control group.The incidence of atherosclerotic plaque was mainly involved in femoral artery.While the incidence of stenosis and obliteration were mainly involved in the distal arteries below popliteal artery,especially,anterior tibial artery.Conclusion Color Doppler flow imaging is an important clinical examination wethod for the early diagnosis,prevention and treatment.