福州市20岁以上人群鼾症流行情况及其与高血压的相关性研究

Prevalence of snoring and relationship with hypertension in adults aged over 20 years in Fuzhou city

目的了解福州市20岁以上人群鼾症的流行情况及其与高血压的关系。方法对2005年5月—2008年2月在福州市区收集的20岁以上常住居民4286人鼾症及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的流行病学调查资料进行分析,估算人群鼾症发生率;多因素分析鼾症发生的危险因素,并进行鼾症与高血压之间的关系探讨。结果调查人群鼾症发生率为14.1%;男性、女性鼾症发生率分别为20.2%、7.9%(P<0.01),在各年龄组中男性鼾症发生率均高于同年龄组女性(P<0.01);鼾症发生率随年龄增加而升高,以≥60岁组最高(P<0.01),但在男性人群40～59岁和≥60岁组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);有打鼾家族史者鼾症发生率(26.2%)明显高于无打鼾家族史者(9.4%)(P<0.01)。多元Logistic逐步回归分析发现鼾症的主要危险因素是高龄、肥胖、打鼾家族史、饮酒、男性(OR值分别为4.693、3.920、3.839、2.632、2.070,P均<0.01)。鼾症患者高血压发生率26.6%,高血压患者鼾症发生率39.7%;去除其他因素影响,鼻鼾症患者发生高血压的风险是无鼾症者的2.691倍。结论福州市人群鼾症发生率较低,应根据其在福州市区的流行特点制定相应防治策略,减少鼾症发生中可变因素的作用以降低鼾症发生率及危害。鼾症与高血压关系密切,需注意二者并存的可能。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of snoring especially the relationship between snoring and hypertension in adults aged over 20 years in Fuzhou city.Methods Epidemiological data of 4286 subjects aged over 20 years derived from a random and cluster sampling of the population of Fuzhou city from May 2005 to February 2008 were analyzed,the prevalence of snoring was estimated,risk factors of snoring were discovered,the relationship between snoring and hypertension were investigated.Results The estimated incidence of snoring in adults aged over 20 years in Fuzhou city was 14.1%（males 20.2%,females 7.9%）（P0.01）;in each age group,the incidence of snoring was higher in males than in females（P0.01）;the incidence of snoring was increasing with age,which is highest in≥60 years old group（P0.01）;but in the males,the difference of incidence ol snoring between 40～59 years old group and≥60 years old group had no significant difference（P0.05）;the incidence of snoring in those with a family history ol snoring（26.2%）was higher than those without a family history of snoring（9.4%）,there was significant difference（P0.01）.Multivariate analysis revealed that age, obesity,family history of snoring,drinking,men as significant risk factors for snoring（OR value was 4.693、3.920、3.839、2.632 and 2.070 respectivey P0.01）.The incidence of hypertension in snoring patients was 26.6%,and the incidence of snoring in hypertension patients was 39.7%;after removal of other factors,the prevalence rate of hypertension in snoring patients was 2.691 times to that in non-snoring persons.Conclusion The estimated prevalence of snoring in adults aged over 20 years in Fuzhou city was high.Snoring and hypertension are closely related with each other;we should pay attention to the coexistence of the two.