中国古代国家、宗教关系历史特点研究

Studies on the Historical Features of the Relationship between State and Religion in Ancient China

中国古代国家宗教关系的特点,是与欧美比较而言的。中国历史有自身的发展轨迹,所以中国古代国家与宗教的关系,其展开的历史背景与欧美不同,中国古代社会"政教关系"一词有自己的特殊指谓。人文化的儒学在中国古代意识形态中的主导地位决定了政教关系的基本走势:即教权绝对服从王权,宗教发挥"以教辅政"的社会作用。民间起义对宗教的利用造成了国家政权对宗教组织的警惕,外来干涉势力引起古代政府对外来宗教的警觉。

The characteristics of the relationship between state and religion are discussed based on the comparison with the European countries and America.The history of China has its own developmental route;therefore,the historical background of the relationship between the state and religion is different from that of European countries and America.The ＂relationship between politics and religion＂ in ancient China has its specific senses.The dominance of Confucianism with humanistic features decides the basic trends of the relationship between politics and religion.That is： The religious power is completely subject to royal power.The religion plays the role of assisting the politics.The ancient state government is alert to religion owing to the fact that religion is used by the civil uprisings and overseas powers.