白居易讽喻诗在日本平安时期的传播

The Spreading of Bai Juyi’s Allegory Poems in the Peace Period of Japan

白居易是日本人心目中最伟大的中国唐代诗人,生前就有《白氏长庆集》和《白氏文集》传于日本,日本的很多文学作品都有直接间接引用白诗的痕迹。这其中有一个特殊的现象存在,即是白氏自己将作品分为讽谕、闲适、感伤、杂律四类,其中评价最高的是讽谕诗,而日本人在欣赏使用白诗时却不约而同地拒绝了评价最高的讽谕诗,被接受与喜爱的反而是他的闲适感伤诗。本文试从诗词的审美特征、文学同政治的关系和平安时期的汉诗文传播三大方面出发探讨日本对白居易讽谕诗的拒绝。

As the greatest poet in Tang Dynasty in the Japanese’s eyes, Bai Juyi had Collection of Bai in Changqing Period and Collection of Bai spreaded in Japan before his death, many literary works in Japan having quoted Bai’s poems both directly and indireethy. Bai categorized his works into allegory, leisure, sentimental and miscellaneous poems, allegory poems winning the highest praise. It’s a special phenomenon that the Japanese choose leisure and sentimental poems as their favourite instead of allegory poems. This article would try to discuss the screering and spreading of Bai’s allegory poems from poetic aesthetic characteristics, the relation between literature and politics and the spread of Han poetry and articles in the peace Period of Japan.