高功率毫米波辐射不同时间对小鼠皮肤的损伤效应研究

Effects of high-power millimeter wave on mice skin at different time points of radiation

目的探讨高功率毫米波辐射不同时间对小鼠皮肤的损伤效应。方法选择120只雄性昆明种小鼠,采用20 W/cm294 GHz的发射装置进行照射,按辐射时间随机分为50 s、100 s、150 s组和对照组4个组,每组又分为剪毛（5只）和未剪毛两个小组（25只）,辐射后即刻采用红外测温仪监测体温,分别于辐射后即刻、12 h、7 d、14 d和28 d观察小鼠照射局部体表变化,之后每组活杀5只,取辐射局部皮肤,进行HE和天狼星红染色。观察辐射后不同时间皮肤的形态结构改变。结果温度测定结果显示,辐射过程中小鼠体温呈进行性升高,各辐射组分别在照射50 s、100 s和150 s时体表温度升高到峰值,温度升高程度与辐射时间呈正相关。辐射50 s组小鼠真皮血管扩张、水肿;100 s组表皮角质层断裂、脱落,真皮水肿,胶原纤维减少;辐射150 s组辐射后12 h,表皮角化层断裂、解离或脱落,真皮层出血水肿,纤维组织稀疏,毛囊上皮不同程度变性和萎缩;辐射后7 d真皮层胶原纤维密度大,肌层萎缩;辐射后28 d真皮层毛囊功能活跃,纤维组织密集。胶原纤维特染显示,50 s组胶原纤维较为密集;100 s组胶原纤维较稀疏,略肿胀,Ⅲ型胶原增多;150 s组胶原纤维稀疏。结论 94 GHz高功率毫米波辐射50~150 s均可引起小鼠体温升高及表皮和真皮等组织结构的损伤,且上述改变与辐射时间呈正相关。

Objective To investigate the effect of high-power millimeter wave on mice skin at different time points of irradiation.Methods One hundred and twenty male mice were divided into 4 groups,including control,50 s-,100 s-and 150 s-radiation groups.The temperature of 5 hairless mice in each group was observed during radiation.Gross dynamic states were observed soon after radiation,and the pathological changes of the skin were detected at different times after radiation using HE and Sirius red dyeing.Results Temperature determination showed a progressive increase by infrared thermography.At the different duration of exposure,the temperature reached the peak and the longer exposure led to higher temperature.Mice skin showed lightpink color and vasodilation soon after radiation in 50 s-group at 20 W/cm2,compared with stratum corneum break,edema in dermis and collagen decrease in 100 s-group.More serious lesion was obscrved,such as stratum corneum desquamation,hemorrhage and edema in dermis,collagen fiber degeneration.Hair follicle atrophy thickened and the dyeing got deeper 24 hours later while 7 days later black crust emerged and hair was regenerated in 150s-group.With the exposure time extended,these symptoms became worse when the collagen fiber was measured,which showed that the quantity of fiber tapered,and collagen type Ⅲ appeared.Conclusion The high-power millimeter wave could cause injury to the mice skin,and the extent of injury is related to radiation time.