玉米植株对降雨再分配过程的影响

Study on the Effect of Maize Plants on Rainfall Redistribution Processes

【目的】明确成熟期玉米冠层截留降雨的能力。【方法】以研究区域实际降雨强度为基础,采用人工模拟降雨法对成熟期玉米冠层截留量、茎秆流量和穿透雨量进行了测定。【结果】冠层截留率平均为7.5%,茎秆流率平均为28.8%,穿透雨率平均为63.7%;冠层截留量、茎秆流量和穿透雨量与雨强呈极显著线性正相关关系,冠层截留量和茎秆流量与叶面积之间呈极显著正相关直线关系,而穿透雨量与叶面积呈极显著线性负相关关系。【结论】不同雨强条件下,玉米冠层截留效应不尽一致;玉米冠层和茎秆可以引导一部分冠上雨量,减少直接到达地表降雨的数量,从而影响径流;本研究中建立的雨强和叶面积与冠层截留量、茎秆流量和穿透雨量之间简洁、实用模型,可为农耕地土壤侵蚀防治提供一定参考依据。

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to investigate the rainfall redistribution processes through maize canopy.【Method】Rainfall simulator was used to measure mature maize canopy interception,throughfall and stemflow based on the actual rainfall intensity.【Result】The averages of throughfall,stemflow and canopy interception account for 7.5%,28.8% and 63.7% of the total precipitation,respectively.Canopy interception,stemflow and throughfall were statistically significantly positive correlated with rainfall intensity,and canopy interception and stemflow were statistically significantly positive correlated with leaf area,while throughfall was statistically significantly negative relationship with leaf area【.Conclusion】Under different rainfall intensities,canopy interception capacity was different,canopy and stemflow can guide a part of total rainfall,reduce the amount of rainfall arrived on the soil and influence runoff.Compact and practical equations built in this study has provided a theoretical basis for farm land soil erosion control.