新农村建设以来京郊农村人居环境特征与影响因素分析

CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCE FACTORS OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT IN BEIJING SUBURBAN COUNTRYSIDE SINCE NEW COUNTRYSIDE CONSTRUCTION

优化农村人居环境,改善农民生活质量,统筹城乡发展是社会主义新农村建设的一项重要内容。本文通过对北京市首批市级新农村规划建设试点村的问卷调查,探讨了新农村建设以来京郊农村人居环境的发展变化特征,并运用因子分析和有序多分类逻辑回归模型,对影响农村人居环境变化的主要因素进行解析。研究表明:京郊农村经济总量不断增加,产业结构多元化态势明显,但农民收入地域差异显著,源自经济环境的压力较大;农村基础设施配套水平提升显著,但公共服务质量有待改善,公共设施管理维护亟需跟进;社会氛围、文娱生活、村容村貌、生产成本、生活成本、服务配套等因素是影响京郊农村人居环境变化的主要因素,其中社会氛围是核心因素,生活成本、服务配套因素是制约京郊农村人居环境质量提升的主要障碍。

This paper attempts to discuss the changing characteristics of human settlement in Beijing Suburban Countryside,and analyze the main factors that affect the satisfaction of human settlement quality by using Factor Analysis and Ordinal Logistic Regression Model.The result shows that： 1） The tendency of industrial structure diversity is becoming more and more manifest,but the remarkable regional difference in farmers＇ income are outstanding,farmers is under heavy economic pressure;2） With the construction of new countryside,the economic aggregate increasessteadily and infrastructure of countryside has had great changes,the lifestyle and living standard of villagers has updated accordingly in Beijing;3） The natural and social environment of countryside is excellent and harmonious,and corresponding standard of countryside infrastructure is advanced,but the quality of public service and facilities management are exceedingly urgent to be improved,the unbalance of revenue and expenditure leads to the continuous increase of economic pressure;4） These factors such as social environment,entertainments,visage of village,production costs,living costs and services supporting have significantly affected human settlement quality in Beijing＇s suburbanarea.In addition to that,social environment is the core one among them.Living costs and services supporting are the main constraints to the improvement of human settlement quality.The research has the great practical significance to further promotion of socialist new rural construction in Beijing and Nationwide,and provides some reference for Countryside＇ sustainable development surrounding metropolis during the social and economic transition.