“八大两次会议”·两年探索·两重天地——建党九十周年之际对党的八大再回眸的理性透视

Two Sessions of the Eighth National Congresses of the CCP,Two Years of Exploration and Two Different Results——A Rational Perspective on the Eighth National Congress of the CCP on the 90th Anniversary of the Communist Party

从党代会常任制的视角看,八大有两次会议,分别是1956年9月的八大一次会议和1958年5月的八大二次会议。八大两次会议之间,党在探索社会主义建设道路的过程中路线方针政策进行了大的调整,甚至是全局性改变,出现了反右派斗争扩大化的失误。在推进社会主义建设上,八大一次会议制定了遵循经济社会发展规律的政策方针,取得了一定成效;八大二次会议却制定了违背客观经济规律的路线政策,并轻率发动了"大跃进"和人民公社化运动,使得党探索社会主义建设道路的过程在短时间内呈现出"两重天地"。不过,总的看来,在对八大两次会议的思考中,我们也可以总结形成对执政党执政的几点深刻启示。

In terms of the permanent system of the CPC Congress,there must be ＂two Sessions of the Eighth National Congress＂.The first was held in September,1956 and the second,in May,1958.Between the two Sessions,the Communist Party,in the exploration of the socialist road,had made big adjustment or even overall transformation of its line,principle and policy,giving rise to the error of magnified Anti-Rightist Movement.In promoting socialist construction,the first Session established the policies following the laws of economic society,which had turned out some achievements.However,the second Session formulated the policies against objective economy law,by which the movements of ＂Great Leap Forward＂ and people commune were recklessly launched.Consequently,two kinds of sharply-contrasted practice appeared within a short period of time in socialist exploration.On the whole,the two Sessions have provoked deep thoughts considering the governance of the ruling party.