巴基斯坦建国理念的历史考察

A Historical Study of The Founding Principle of Pakistan

殖民时期英属印度教派矛盾的加剧导致了穆斯林民族主义的兴起,巴基斯坦国家思想的提出是这场运动的产物。以阿赫默德汗的"穆斯林民族论"、伊克巴尔的"穆斯林国家论"和真纳的"两个民族、两个国家论"为思想基础和主要流派的"两个民族"理论是巴基斯坦立国运动的三大理论来源。作为英国落实"退出印度"政策的关键性步骤之一,《蒙巴顿方案》最终确认了成立巴基斯坦自治领的政治原则,"两个民族"理论实现了从早期穆斯林思想家的一种政治理想到建立穆斯林民族国家的转变。

In the colonial era,the intensifying conflicts of religious sects in British India led to the rise of Muslim nationalism,in which the thoughts of Pakistani nation were born.The nation-founding movement of Pakistan originated from the theory of ＂Two Nations＂,which based itself on Sayyid Ahmad Khan＇s ＂Muslim Nationality＂,Muhammad Iqbal＇s ＂Muslim State＂,and Jinnah＇s ＂Two Nations and Two States＂.Being one of the critical procedures of Britain＇s ＂Quit India＂ policy,＂Mountbatten Act＂ confirmed eventually the political principle of establishing the Self-governing Dominion of Pakistan.The theory of ＂Two Nations＂ realizes the shift from a political ideal of the early Muslim thinkers to the establishment of a Muslim state.