地、宅演变及聚落形态分析——以西南地区为例

Evolution of Homestead and Analysis of Settlement Pattern

不同的土地文化孕育了不同的经济模式,呈现出不同的宅田关系,对聚落形态产生不同的影响。西南地区刀耕火种民族都有农忙时游离的临时住所与相对固定的宅区相结合的聚落,其聚落的迁移完全遵循土地的生态规律,服务于土地的生产。稻作文化下的西南聚落呈现的是高密度的聚落形态,这种聚落势必形成耕作半径过长的情况,由此形成了一种由聚落到梯田过渡的宅田关系。

Different types of land cultures gestate different economic models and show different homestead relationships,which has different influences on settlement pattern.Nationalities of slash-and-burn cultivation have the settlement of combination of temporary residence in the busy farming season with relatively fixed quarter in southwestern China,its settlement migration follows the ecological regulations and serves crop production.Settlements in southwestern China shows high density settlement pattern under the rice culture and is bound to form too long distance between tillage and residence,which has formed a transitional homestead relationship from settlements to terraced fields.