张九成《书》学思想脞说

A Study of the Thoughts in Zhang Jiucheng's Book of History

张九成《尚书详说》久已亡佚,辑佚可得18万余字,据此可观其《书》学思想之梗概。张氏相信孔子序《书》说,解《书》注意挖掘微言大义。学于杨时,其《书》解深浸理学之思。又从游宗杲,逃儒归释,往往以佛理解《书》。又每以天人感应之说阐说经义,以矫时弊,以儆人主。解经中激烈批评周穆王、平王无志,直指当朝主和之苟且。其以解《书》为思想斗争之手段,彰显了士人之担当精神。

Though Book of History written by Zhang Jiucheng had disappeared already,we still can compile eighteen million words about it from other scholars ＇ quotation.Base on this,we may study his thougts in this book.He believed that the preface of this book was writted by Confucius,so he paid more attention on the sublime words with pround meanings when he expounded this book.And he studied Neo-Confucianism from Yang Shi,so he often explained Book of History with Neo-Confucianism.And he familiarized with Buddhist philosophy,so he liked to use these thoughts to explain Book of History.He believed there were mystical relations between heaven and man,and he used this idea to warn the rulers not to run amuck.He seriously criticized Muwang and Pingwang-two emperors in Zhou Dynasty.From these,we may know Zhang Jiucheng explain Book of History as a means for ideological struggle.