被试功能差异分析在心理测量中的应用

An Introduction of Differential Person Functioning in Applied Psychology Measurement

被试功能差异(Differential Person Functioning,DPF),是指某个被试对于不同内容或形式的项目具有不同的反应概率,表现出不同的反应模式,它被视为项目功能差异的一种拓展。DPF分析结合了每个项目的信息与每个被试的信息,是一种检测被试反应偏差的理想方法。能针对个体进行综合而全面的评价,了解被试之间的差异与被试个体内差异。在人格测评、情绪和认知诊断以及评分者一致性的研究中有很大的应用价值。本文主要介绍了DPF的概念、计算方法以及近年来它在心理测量领域中的应用。

Differential person function（DPF） is an extension of differential item function（DIF）,which refers to a technique that can be used to identify if the responses of a given individual are different among different groups of items.In IRT perspective,DPF is an ideal technique,which combines information about the properties of each individual and the properties of each item,can give a comprehensive assessment to an individual.This article mainly introduces the concept,calcution,and application of DPF in the field of psychological measurement in recent years.