学前儿童攻击应对策略的研究

Preschool Children's Coping Strategies with Aggressive Behavior

目的:探讨学前儿童攻击应对策略的一般特点。方法:以Kochenderfer-Ladd修订过的应对策略问卷为研究工具,通过个别访谈法考察276名3-5岁儿童在四种攻击情境下的应对策略。结果:四种攻击情境下,寻求支持和回避策略显著多于其它应对策略;回避和外化策略受攻击情境的影响;外化和问题解决策略存在显著的年龄组差异;内化策略的使用上存在显著的性别差异;受侵害者与一般儿童在同一攻击情境中所使用的应对策略存在明显差异。结论:寻求支持和回避策略是学前儿童使用最多的两种攻击应对策略,女孩较男孩更多使用内化策略,受侵害者与一般儿童相比更多使用内化与外化策略。

Objective： To investigate preschool children＇s coping strategies with aggressive behaviors.Methods： Self-Report Coping Scale（SRCS） were used,and 276 children aged 3-6 from Jinan were interviewed to assess children＇s responses to four different aggressive contexts.Results： Children tended to use more escaping and social-support seeking than other strategies in all contexts.Escaping and externalizing strategies were influenced by aggressive contexts.Age difference was found in children＇s externalizing and problem-focused strategies,but gender difference was found in children＇s internalizing strategies.Coping strategies used by victims were different from normal children.Conclusion： Children tend to use social-support seeking and escaping in all aggressive contexts.Girls tend to endorse more internalizing strategies than boys.Victims favor externalizing and internalizing strategies more than normal children.