摘要
针对灾变事件下高速公路安全管理中采用定值型限速标准存在的问题,对基于可靠性的限速标准进行了探讨。通过对高速公路平曲线路段车辆行驶的动力学分析,推导了车辆作圆周运动而不发生横向滑移的最大允许车速,以及司机在弯道内发现障碍物而紧急安全停车的最大允许速度。以可靠性工程理论为依据,对高速公路限速标准的可靠度进行了定义,并以圆周运动安全和紧急刹车安全为约束条件建立了高速公路限速标准的功能函数,推导了相应的可靠性计算模型。针对限速标准功能函数的多参数复杂非线性特征,提出采用Monte Carlo法对限速标准可靠性计算模型进行求解。以所推导的基本公式编制了基于MATLAB的限速标准可靠性计算程序,并以算例示范了基于可靠性的限速标准的确定方法。基于可靠性的高速公路限速标准克服了定值型限速标准的不足,对提高高速公路运营安全有积极的意义。
To solve the problems in the current deterministic method for determining a maximum speed limit for expressway operation against disastrous events,a reliability method was presented.The dynamic analysis was made for vehicle traveling at a horizontal curve of expressway,and respective maximum allowable speeds were deduced for vehicle in horizontal circular motion without sliding and that in emergency stopping without hitting an obstacle in the visual range.Based on Reliability engineering,the reliability of a maximum speed limit was defined.With safety of horizontal circular motion and emergency stopping as constraints,the performance function of the maximum speed limit was established and the model for calculation of its reliability and reliable indicator were deduced.For solution of the reliability model,Monte Carlo method was recommended due to multi-parameter high complexity of the non-linear performance function.With a self-developed program,a case study was conducted to illustrate the reliability analysis of the maximum speed limit for expressway safety management under a detrimental event.The reliability method for determining a maximum speed limit of expressway operation is helpful for improving traffic safety.
出处
《工程力学》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第A01期94-98,共5页
Engineering Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(50868003)
广西建筑工程检测与实验重点实验室开放基金项目(桂科能07109005-9)
