德国、瑞士学徒制培训改革的差异比较分析——以商务职业领域为例

Comparative Analysis on the Apprenticeship Reform between Germany and Switzerland——The Case of Commercial Professional Sector

为了应对外部环境的变化对劳动者技能提出的新要求,德国、瑞士两国分别启动"双元制"下学徒培训体系的改革。虽然在很多方面具有相似性,但两国在学徒制课程体系、学徒技能培训承担主体、对核心技术理解和执行、对培训方案规定、对学徒的评价和资格证书等方面表现出不少差异,两国在改革推动主体、职教法规责任主体、改革外部环境、改革经济基础和投入方向方面的不同是导致这种差异的主要原因,这对我国职业教育发展具有一定的启示。

To meet the new requirements for laborers＇ skills due to the environmental changes, Germany and Switzerland launched the apprenticeship reform. Though there exists similarity, the two countries have quite differences in such aspects as curriculum system, the institution in charge of training, understanding and execution of core skills, the regulation of training scheme, evaluation of apprenticeship and qualification certificates. The differences in reform and boost subjects, vocational education regulation responsibility subjects, reform environment, reform basis and investment directions are main reasons resulted in the differences, which put forward some enlightenments for the development of Chinese vocational educarton.