转基因作物的利弊分析

Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages on Transgenic Crops

１９９５ 年后转基因作物的商品化种植迅猛发展。优良的农艺性状和巨大的经济效益，日益显示出转基因作物是解决２１ 世纪不断膨胀人口对食物需求的主要途径之一。转基因作物的潜在生态风险及对人体健康影响的争论随着转基因作物的商品化也日趋尖锐。为保护转基因作物知识产权发展起来的“终止子技术”引起第三世界国家的强烈反对。《生物多样性公约》缔约国对生物安全有关问题斗争激烈，迟迟达不成协议。围绕转基因作物的斗争已不仅是科学技术之争，已发展到经济领域，甚至政治领域的斗争。本文对转基因作物的发展与生物安全的研究提出几点建议。

Transgenic crops developed rapidly in commercialized scale since 1995. Excellent agronomic characters and huge economic benefits have demonstrated that transgenic crops will be one of the major approaches to meet the food need of increasing population in next century. The controversy of potential ecological risks and the impact on human health is becoming increasingly acute along with the development of transgenic crops in commercialized scale. 'Terminator technology', which was developed for intellectual property protection of transgenic crops, meets with refusal seriously in the third world. Issues concerning biosafety are hotly debated between Parties of 'Convention on Biological Diversity', and cannot be reached an agreement tardily. The controversy round transgenic crops is not only in scientific and technologic fields, but also in the economic and political fields. Some suggestions concerning the development of transgenic crops and the studies of biosafety was raised in this papers.