我国本土高技术企业技术创新渠道源研究

The channel sources of technology innovations in indigenous firms of Chinese high technology industries

本文结合技术推动理论和市场拉动理论,把技术创新源分为三种具有技术推动效应的渠道源(内部R&D、技术转让、技术溢出)和一种具有市场拉动效应的渠道源(用户创新反向传播)。基于我国高技术产业的面板数据,本文使用广义矩方法在一个统一的框架内考查了各种技术创新渠道源的有效性。实证证据表明,我国本土高技术企业的有效技术创新渠道源包括:(1)内部R&D,(2)国外技术转让,(3)产业内三资企业技术溢出,(4)产业间三资企业技术溢出,(5)国外用户创新反向传播,(6)国内用户创新反向传播。我国本土高技术企业高度依赖国外的核心技术和关键设备,这使得国内技术转让和产业间本土企业技术溢出不能成为其有效的技术创新渠道源。因此,我国政府应当制定更多优惠政策强化本土高技术企业的自主创新,并促进高科技成果的商业化。

The technology-push theory and the market-pull theory are combined,and the sources of technology innovations are categorized into three channel sources with technology-push effect（in-house RD,technology transfer,and technology spillover） and one with market-pull effect（back-propagation of user innovations）.Based on the panel data of Chinese high technology industries,the general method of moments is employed to investigate the effectiveness of various channel sources of technology innovations in a unified framework.The empirical evidence shows that the effective channel sources of technology innovations in indigenous firms of Chinese high technology industries include：（1） in-house RD,（2） foreign technology transfer,（3） intra-industry technology spillover from joint ventures,（4） inter-industry technology spillover from joint ventures,（5） back-propagation of foreign user innovations,and（6） back-propagation of domestic user innovations.The indigenous firms of Chinese high technologies industries heavily rely on foreign core technologies and key equipments,which results in the ineffectiveness of domestic technology transfer and inter-industry technology spillover from indigenous firms as the channel sources of technology innovations.Therefore,the Chinese government should provide more preferential policies for indigenous firms of Chinese high technology industries to strengthen their independent innovations and promote the commercialization of high technology achievements.