不同品种杏的性器官发育和结实性比较研究

Studies on the sexual organ development and fruiting characteristics of different varieties of apricot

通过对原产于不同地区的51个杏品种的性器官发育和结实性的系统调查和测定，结果表明，1．花粉大小和形状少数虽有一定差异，而绝大多数品种相似，品种间花粉萌发率尽管差异很大，但所有品种均为花粉可育型；2．大多数品种不完全花百分率很高，自然授粉结实率很低，其主要原因是雌蕊败育；3．品种间不完全花百分率与花粉萌发率呈正相关；4．欧洲生态群品种与中国生态群品种比较花粉大小和形状基本相似，而花粉萌发率和不完全花百分率低，自然授粉结实率高；5．欧洲生态样品种能自花结实，而中国生态群品种均为自花不实品种。

The sexual organ dovelopment and fruiting characteristics of fifty－one apricot (Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.) varieties were investigated and analysed systematically. The results showed that: 1. The pollen size and shape of varieties of apricot were similar comparatively except few of them. The percentage of pollen germination was different significantly among the varieties, but all of the them were pollen－fertile. 2. The percentage of imperfect flower of most varieties was high,and the setting percentage of natural crosspollination of them was low mainly because of pistil abortion. 3. The percentage of imperfect flower was pdsitively correlated with that of pollen germination. 4.The pollen size and shape of the varieties of European eco－geographical group were similar to those of Chinese ones, but the former had a low percentge of pollen germinaion and imperfect flower and a high setting percentage of natural cross－pollination. 5. European varieties were self－fruitful,while Chinese ones were self－unfruitful.