职业病防治体系构建之管见——以公共产品理论为视角

Establishing the occupational disease prevention system in view of the theory of public goods

文章运用公共产品理论对职业病防治体系加以分析,认为职业卫生技术服务是准公共产品,应由企业和国家共同分担其出资;职业病患者保障是私人产品,但其责任主体和支付主体是企业;职业病防治监督是纯公共产品,应由国家承担。要将获取职业卫生技术服务的"谁出资,谁受益"原则变为"共同出资,共同受益"原则,并通过制度设计,鼓励企业主动开展或购买职业卫生技术服务,并应当调整对职业卫生技术服务机构的补偿办法。

The occupational disease prevention system was analyzed with the theory of public goods.Occupational health service is regarded as quasi public goods,which should be invested by both the government and enterprises.Although insurance for patients with occupational diseases is private goods,it shall be shouldered and paid by enterprises.Supervision on occupational diseases is public goods and shall be shouldered by the government.In the field of occupational health service,the principle of who pays who gains should be reformed into the policy of paying jointly and benefiting jointly.Enterprises need to be encouraged to implement or purchase occupational health services.And compensation methods for occupational health service organizations should be reformed.