高职生气质类型,父母教养方式与社交能力的关系研究

Relationships among Temperaments,Parenting Style and Social Skills of Vocational College Students

目的探讨高职生气质类型,父母教养方式与社交能力的特点及其关系。方法运用人际交往能力评估量表,气质类型量表,父母教养方式量表对386名高职生进行调查。结果①女生在情感支持得分高于男生(t=-2.022,P=0.040),而在主动交往上的得分均低于男生(t=2.089,P=0.040);城市高职生的主动交往和自我表露得分显著高于来自农村高职(t=2.429,P=0.018,t=2.510,P=0.014),文史类高职生在主动交往、适度拒绝、自我表露和总体社交能力上的得分均高于理工类(t=-2.299,P=0.024,t=-2.495,P=0.015,t=-2.189,P=0.031,t=-2.223,P=0.029);②社交能力与其气质类型以及父母教养方式中的大多因素显著相关(P<0.01);③高职生气质类型和父母教养方式对社会交往能力具有一定预测作用(P<0.01)。结论高职生社交能力在人口统计学因素上有显著差异,受个体气质、父母教养方式各维度影响。

Objective To explore the characteristic of vocational college students＇ temperaments,parenting style and social skills,and discuss the relationship among them.Methods A total of 386 vocational college students were investigated with Temperament Type Scale,Parenting Style Questionnaire and American Interpersonal Relationship Quality Questionnaire.Results Females had higher scores on emotional support than males（t=-2.022,P=0.040）,but had lower scores on active interaction（t=2.089,P=0.040）;scores of students from city were higher than that from rural area on active interaction and self disclosure（t=2.429,P=0.018;t=2.510,P=0.014）.The students majoring in arts had higher scores than science at active interaction, moderate refusal,self disclosure and general social skills（t=-2.299, P=0.024;t=-2.495,P=0.015;t=-2.189,P=0.031;t=-2.223,P=0.029）.②Social skills,temperaments and parenting style were significantly correlated（P0.01）.③The characteristic of vocational college students＇ temperaments and parenting style had prediction to social skills.Conclusion Social skills of vocational college students shows significant differences in demographic variable,and is affected by temperaments and parenting style,ect.