古汉语中的标补词“夫”初探

Preliminary Research on the Complementizer Fu( 夫 ) in Ancient Chinesei

文章对古汉语中位于句首和句中而没有任何实义的"夫"的语法功能重新进行了解释,认为它实际上是用来引导名词性小句(主语/话题小句和宾语小句)的标补词。文章对标补词"夫"的历史来源及产生机制做了初步探讨,主要结论是:标补词"夫"来源于位于句首的[夫定冠词+N]中的"夫"的功能扩展,当它演变为引导主语小句的标补词以后,又扩展到了宾语小句的位置上。在产生机制上,古汉语中的标补词"夫"与英语中的标补词that不同:前者主要来自定冠词"夫"的功能类推,而后者主要来自称代性指示代词的重新分析。

The paper reinterpretes the function word fu( 夫 ) that tends to occur in the initial position of clauses, occasionally in the postverbal position of clauses. The paper assumes that the function word fu(夫)that has no contents at all is virtually a complementizer introducing nominal clauses. Firstly, it originated from the analogy of the definite article fu(夫)that tends to occur in the initial position of clauses, and then it extended to the position of the objective complement.