林麝和马麝随机扩增多态DNA的研究

STUDIES ON FOREST MUSK DEER AND ALPINE MUSK DEE-R USING RANDOM AMPLIED POLYMORPHIC DNA(RAPD)

用随机扩增多态DNA (RAPD)技术对饲养的林麝和马麝进行分子遗传标记研究。在选用的 42种随机引物中 ,有 2 5种引物产生了清晰稳定的条带 ,单个引物获得标记数在 1～1 4之间 ,平均每个个体获得 1 68个RAPD标记 ,其中林麝、马麝特异性标记各 5个 ,个体特异性标记有 3个 ,这些标记可用来鉴定种或个体。平均遗传距离在林麝种内为 0 1 2 7±0 0 2 3 ,马麝为 0 1 0 5± 0 0 1 3 ,种间为 0 2 4 1± 0 0 2 ,种间差异显著大于种内差异。分析表明饲养马麝种内遗传多样性低 ,为增强饲养马麝的生存力 ,最好从不同种群中引入种麝进行繁殖。

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD) was employed to screen the genetic markers in Forest musk deer and Alpine musk deer . About 168 RAPD markers were generated in each individual with 42 primers ,5 special markers were found in Forest musk deer and Alpine musk deer respectively ,and also 3 individual special markers were generated ,these can be used to identify species or individuals.The average genetic distances in Forest musk deer and Alpine musk deer and between them were 0 124±0 023、0 105±0 013、0 241±0 020,respectively.The results indicated that the difference detected by proportion of shared fragments between the species was obiviously larger than those within a species.The population of Alpine musk deer need new individuals from different populations to avoid inbreeding depression.