利用土壤拮抗性微生物防治人参锈腐病

Studies on the Control of Cylindrocarpon destructans of Ginseng by Soil Antagonistic Microbes

从人参根围土壤中分离到２５０多株土壤微生物。通过土壤微生物－人参锈腐菌平板对峙培养，筛选出抑菌效果好的７个菌株。室内参根生测表明，施用拮抗菌Ｂｃ００９、Ｂｃ０１１、Ｂｃ０２２，２４小时后再接种人参锈腐菌，比施用拮抗菌后马上接种人参锈腐菌的防治效果好，达６２．４％ ～８０．０％ 。田间小区防效试验的结果表明，３个芽孢杆菌菌株处理参根防效明显高于化学药剂，其防治效果达到６４．７％ ～７３．９％ 。

More than 250 strains of soil microbes were isolated from ginseng rhizosphere soil. Based on soil microbes pathogen (Cylindrocarpon destructans) pairing culture, 7 strains of soil antagonistic microbes were selected, namely Bacillus spp.(Bc009, Bc011, Bc022, Bc001) and Trichoderma sp.(T551, T553, T201). The bioassay indicated that the treatment of inoculating conidiospores of C.destructans on ginseng roots of 24 h after applying the antagonistic bacteria Bc011, Bc009, Bc022 was much better than the inoculating the conidiospores immediately after applying the antagonistic microbes. The control effects were 62 4%~80 0% and 38 5%~56 5% respectively. The relative control effects against rusty root of ginseng by Bc009 and Bc011 were 68 5%~73 9% in the field test, and were sig nificantly higher than that in the chemical control.