新疆地区142例HIV/AIDS患者的中医证候调查

Survey on TCM syndromes in 142 HIV/AIDS patients in Xinjiang

目的调查新疆地区人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(HIV/AIDS)患者的舌脉症状、证候要素及中医证候分布情况。方法对142例HIV/AIDS患者的感染途径、舌象、脉象、病位、病性、证候分型进行统计。并对性接触和静脉吸毒2种不同感染途径患者主要证候分型分布进行比较。结果 142例中感染途径为性接触者占42.25%,为静脉吸毒者占42.25%。舌质颜色统计中舌淡红出现率最高,占47.88%,其次是舌红占24.65%。舌形态统计中裂纹舌最多占20.42%,胖大舌占16.90%。苔质苔色统计中薄白苔最多,占33.10%,黄腻苔占21.83%。脉象统计中细脉最多,占35.92%,沉脉占30.28%,数脉占25.35%。病位证候要素统计中肾脏的出现率最高占30.99%,其次肝占26.76%。病性证候要素统计中阴虚占44.37%,气虚占42.96%。证候分型统计中肝肾阴虚证候出现频率最高,占28.17%,肝胃不和占16.18%,脾胃湿热占8.45%,肝郁脾虚占4.93%,肺肾两虚占7.04%。性接触和静脉吸毒2种不同感染途径感染者在主要的中医证候分型上无差异性。结论新疆地区HIV/AIDS患者证候涉及肾肝脾胃肺多个脏腑,以气虚和阴虚最多,证候多表现为肝肾阴虚、肝胃不和、脾胃湿热、肺肾两虚、肝郁脾虚。

Objective To investigate tongue and pulse manifestations,syndrome factors and TCM syndrome distribution in HIV/AIDS patients in Xinjiang.Methods The routes of infection,tongue and pulse manifestations,locations and nature of the disease and syndrome types were counted in HIV/AIDS patients （n=142）,and the syndrome distribution in the patients with two routes of infection （sexual contact and intravenous drug abuse） was compared.Results Among 142 cases,the patients infected by sexual contact accounted for 42.25%,and by intravenous drug abuse,42.25%.In the statistics of tongue body,light red tongue accounted for 47.88% and red tongue,24.65%.In the statistics of tongue form,fissured tongue accounted for 20.42% and plump tongue,16.90%.In the statistics of texture and color of tongue fur,thin and white tongue fur accounted for 33.10% and yellow and slimy tongue fur,21.83%.In the statistics of pulse manipulations,fine pulse accounted for 35.92%,deep pulse,30.28% and frequent pulse,25.35%.In the statistics of location factors,kidney accounted for 30.99% and liver,26.76%.In the statistics of nature factors,yin deficiency accounted for 44.37% and qi deficiency,42.96%.In the statistics of syndrome types,the syndrome of liver-kidney yin deficiency accounted for 28.17%,syndrome of liver qi invading stomach,16.18%,syndrome of spleen-stomach dampness-heat,8.45%,syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency,4.93%,and syndrome of deficiency of both lung and kidney,7.04%.There was no difference in major syndrome types between the patients infecting by sexual contact and those by intravenous drug abuse.Conclusion The syndromes of HIV/AIDS patients in Xinjiang involve several viscera and bowels including kidney,liver,spleen,stomach and lung.The syndrome types are mostly qi deficiency and yin deficiency manipulating as liver-kidney yin deficiency,liver qi invading stomach,spleen-stomach dampness-heat,deficiency of both lung and kidney and liver depression and spleen deficiency.