密肥互作对弱筋小麦产量与品质的影响

Effects of Density and Nitrogen Interaction on Grain Yield and Quality of Weak Gluten Wheat

以弱筋小麦扬麦15为材料,采用大田试验,研究了种植密度、行距和施氮量及其互作对弱筋小麦产量和品质的调控效应。试验设计了2个密度处理150×104/hm2和225×104/hm2基本苗,2个行距处理24 cm和30 cm,3个施氮量水平150、210和270 kg/hm2。结果表明,小麦籽粒产量随施氮量和密度的增加而显著提高,穗数的增加是产量提高的主要原因。行距对产量没有明显的影响,但高密度扩行加剧群体竞争,降低产量。密度和施氮量对小麦籽粒蛋白质含量和面粉面筋含量均有显著的同步调控效应,随密度的增加显著降低,随施氮量的增加显著升高。在中等施氮条件下,高密度处理无论何种行距均能使籽粒蛋白质含量和面筋含量符合国家标准。因此,采用225×104/hm2基本苗、24 cm和210kg/hm2施氮量可同步协调弱筋小麦产量和品质的关系,达到高产优质。

Field experiment was conducted using a weak-gluten wheat cultivar Yangmai 15 to investigate the effects of plant density,row spacing and nitrogen rate and it interactions on wheat grain yield and quality.Two plant densities of 150 and 225×104plant/hm2,two spacing of 25 and 30cm with three nitrogen rates of 150,210 and 270N kg/hm2 were designed in 2006-2007.The results showed thm2t the grain yield significantly increased with density and nitrogen rates increasing,which resulted from increased spikes.Row spacing hm2d insignificantly effects on grain yield,but widened row would reduce grain yield.Grain protein and gluten content were significantly regulated by nitrogen rate and density,and indicated obvious enhm2ncement with nitrogen rate and decreases with density.Under nitrogen rate of 210 kgN/hm2,grain protein and gluten content could meet national weak-gluten wheat criterion whm2tever row spacing.So 225×104plant /hm2,24cm and 210kg/hm2 can synchronously improve grain yield and quality for weak gluten wheat.