50年来的中国电离层物理研究

IONOSPHERIC RESEARCH IN CHINA OVER THE PAST 50 YEARS

简要叙述了电离层物理这门基础学科的主要研究对象和领域，强调电离层研究应作为整个日地空间环境的一部分，从它与太阳和行星际空间、磁层、热层和中低层大气相互作用角度开展整体的研究．描述了电离层、磁层和中性大气耦合过程的基本图像．对我国电离层研究概况和现状，从探测、形态资料分析、模式建立、物理过程机制研究、新技术应用等几个方面作了介绍，并对某些重要的进展和特色加以简要的评述。

A brief description is given of ionospheric physics, with special emphasis on the trend that the ionosphere should now be studied as an important part of the whole solar-terrestrial system. The couplings between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere, thermosphere, and mesosphere as well as the ionospheric processes at different latitudes are key issues today.A brief review of ionospheric research over the past 50 years in China is presented, including advances in ionospheric sounding, data analysis and morphological studies, establishment of models, development of new techniques, and mechanism studies of physical processes such as anomalies, irregularities and so on. Finally, it is pointed out that the most urgent task facing ionospheric research in China is to promote ionospheric soundings, both ground-based and in situ, and build new equipment to acquire more updated data.