晚霜冻害对不同类型小麦产量性状的影响

Influence of Spring Frost on Different Ear Types of Wheat Yield Component

采用人工智能霜箱模拟自然界晚霜冻害过程,对大穗(s9538、兰考906)、中穗(豫麦21号、陕225)、多穗(临汾7203、鲁资0885299)类型的小麦品种在经历低温处理后产量因素的变化进行了研究。结果表明,多穗型小麦(临汾7203、鲁资0885299)在经历晚霜冻害后比另外两类小麦表现增产,其中单株穗数较对照增加幅度最大(32.98%、37.19%),单株产量分别较对照提高36.36%、38.40%。千粒重在处理后都呈降低趋势,并且多穗型小麦(临汾7203、鲁资0885299)降低幅度最大,中穗小麦(豫麦21号、陕225)降低幅度最小。穗粒数在低温处理后中穗型小麦(豫麦21号、陕225)呈降低趋势,另外两类呈增加趋势,并且多穗型小麦(临汾7203、鲁资0885299)增加幅度最大。

Through low temperature processtion of simulated natural spring frost damage in artificial intelligence frost box to the big ear（s9538,Lankao 906）,middle ear（Yumai 21,Shaan 225）,multi-spike（Linfen 7203,Luzi 0885299） types of wheat varieties,the changes in their production factors were studied.The result showed that multi-spike type wheat（Linfen 7203,Luzi 0885299） after the spring frost damage treatment got more yield than the others.Spikes per plant of multi-spike type wheat showed the biggest increase,with 32.98% and 37.19% for Linfen 7203 and Luzi 0885299 compared to the untreated,respectively,and the yield of per plant was increased by 36.36% and 38.40%.Grain weight of wheat after the treatment showed decreased tendency,multi-spike wheat（Linfen 7203,Luzi 0885299） reduced with the maximum rate and middle ear wheat（Yumai 21,Shan 225） reduced with the minimum rate.The grain number per ear of middle ear wheat after treatment（Yumai 21,Shaan 225） were decreased but the others were increased,and multi-spike wheat（Linfen 7203,Luzi 0885299） showed the biggest increase.